This report projects trade and security policies of the Trump 2.0 administration by observing series of export control policies and measures taken throughout the last two administrations. It also reviews the issues raised by the U.S. Congress, think tanks, press and other sources. In the Trump 2.0 administration, it is projected that ▲ decoupling with China will be deepened, ▲ entity-based control will be the main focus of implementation, ▲ swift and unilateral control will be implemented putting pressure on the allies. 2025 trade and security measures would be strengthened as follows, and will impact South Korean companies in various scenarios. 

 1. Expansion of Control Thresholds 
    1) Application of Technology Control to Legacy Chips 
    2) Expansion to Emerging Technologies : AI, Bio, Energy, Aerospace 
    3) Expansion of Export Control to China’s Critical Mineral
 2. Strengthened Control Mechanisms
    1) Expansion of Re-export Control: Strengthened Entity List Operation 
    2) Change of Country Group: Adjustment of Targets by Policy Goal
    3) Strengthening of Punishment Standard: Knowing Probability
 3. Interconnectedness between Control Mechanisms
    1) Control mechanisms centered on Technical thresholds
    2) Interconnectedness of Lists of concerned parties 
 4. Accelerated Formation of Economic Blocs and Conflicts of Export Controls
    1) Export Control Targeting Certain Countries
    2) Extraterritorial Application of Export Control
    3) Conflict of Export Control Laws

 ※  This report is a revised and translated version of the "2025 Trade & Security Outlook" trade security breif published on Janurary 20.